The Ancient Greeks also believed its pungent juice to be a remedy against eye ulcers and Pythagoreans called the lettuce eunuch because it caused urination and relaxed sexual desire. It has a slightly fetid odor and is commonly considered a weed of orchards, roadsides and field crops. Search Our Database: Enter any portion of the Scientific, Common Name, or both. In A. L. Cabrera (ed.) In mythology, Aphrodite is said to have laid Adonis in a lettuce bed, leading to the vegetable's association with food for the dead. Many plants with leaves that are consumed in small quantities as a spice such as oregano, for medicinal purposes such as lime, or used in infusions such as ⦠What is quercetin? [24] Nine of the dominant genes that confer resistance are Dml, Dm, Dm3, Dm6, Dml4, Dml5, DmlO, Dm5/8, Dm10, Dm4, Dm7, Dm11, and Dm13. definition of - senses, usage, synonyms, thesaurus. Anemopsis californica - Boericke. There are many species of wild rabbit found in the Leporidae family, and virtually all of them will readily feast on garden plants, ranging from herbs and vegetables to shrubs and even the bark of trees. Black Medic, Black Hay, Hop Clover, Hop Medic, Yellow Trefoil, Blue Toadflax, Canada Toadflax, Oldfield Toadflax, Common Arrowhead, Arrowleaf, Burhead, Wapato, Duck-potato, Broadleaf Arrowhead, Hairy White Oldfield Aster, Frost Aster, White Heath Aster, Downy Aster, Broadleaf White-topped Sedge, Sandswamp Whitetop Sedge, Beechdrops, Cancer Drops, Clapwort, Virginia Broomrape, Shepherd's Needles ,Spanish Needles, Romerillo, Common Beggar's-tick, Hairy Beggarticks, Cobbler's Pegs, Spanish Needles, Spanish Needles Beggars Ticks, Hairy Bittercress, Hoary Bittercress, Lamb's Cress, Spring Cress, Flickweed, Sawtooth Blackberry, Southern Blackberry, Highbush Blackberry, Indian Blanket, Indian Blanketflower, Firewheel, Dense Blazing Star, Marsh Gayfeather, Spike Gayfeather, Blue-eyed Grass, Stout Blue-eyed Grass, Narrowleaf Blue-eyed Grass, Elliott's Blueberry, Mayberry, High Bush Blueberry, Blue Hearts, American Bluehearts, Prairie Bluehearts, Plains Bluehearts, Venus' Pride, Large Bluet, Large Houstonia, Summer Bluet, Purple Bluet, One-flowered Broomrape ; One-flowered Cancer Root, Ghostpipe, Naked Broomrape, Tassel Rue, False Bugbane, Carolina Bugbane, Prairie Mimosa, Illinois Bundleflower, Prickleweed, Illinois Desmanthus, Bur Cucumber, Oneseed Bur Cucumber; Star Cucumber, Spurred Butterfly Pea, Climbing Butterfly Pea, Wild Blue Vine, Virginia Centro, Butterflypea, Buttonbush, Common Buttonbush, Button Ball, Riverbush, Honey-bells, Button Willow, Virginia Buttonweed, Large Buttonweed, Poor Joe, Jamaican Feverplant, Nohu, False Puncture Vine, Spiny-fruited Caltrop, New Jersey Tea, Wild Snowball, Mountain Sweet, Redroot, Low-Hop Clover, Field Clover, Large Hop Clover, Hop Trefoil, Green-headed Coneflower, Cutleaf Coneflower, Golden Glow, Browneyed Susan, Thin-leaf Coneflower, Three-lobed Coneflower, Stiff Cowbane, Pig-potato, Common Water-Dropwort, Tipularia, Cranefly Orchid, Crippled Cranefly Orchid, Cross Vine, Trumpet Flower, Crossvine, Quarter Vine, White Crownbeard, Frostweed, Iceplant, Virginia crownbeard, Common Daylily, Tawny Daylily, Orange Daylily, Christmasberry, Carolina Wolfberry, Carolina Desert-thorn, Creeping Wolfberry, Stiff Dogwood, Southern Swamp Dogwood, Gray Dogwood, Potato Dandelion, Potato Dwarfdandelion, Colonial Dwarf-dandelion, Common Elderberry, American Elderberry, American Black Elderberry, Carolina Elephant's foot, Leafy Elephantfoot, Rattlesnake Master, Button Eryngo, Button Snakeroot, Yuccaleaf Eryngo, Pink Ladies, Showy Evening Primrose, Pink Primrose, Common Evening Primrose, Evening Star, Sun Drop, Slenderstalk Beeblossom, Slender Gaura, Threadstalk Gaura, Fairy Wand, Devil's Bit, False Unicorn Root, Blazing Star, Grubroot, Squirrel Tail, Rattlesnake-root, Slender Gerardia, Slenderleaf False Foxglove, Indigobush, False Indigo Bush, Desert False Indigo, Tall Indigo-bush, Dimpled Trout Lily, Dimpled Dogtooth Violet, Southern Appalachian Trout Lily, False Nutsedge, Strawcolored Flatsedge, Strawcolor Nutgrass, False Pennyroyal, Fluxweed, Glade Bluecurls, Fogfruit, Lanceleaf Fogfruit, Northern Fogfruit, Yellow Fringed Orchid, Orange Fringed Orchid, Small Green Wood Orchid, Club-Spur Orchid, Green Rein Orchid, Wood Orchid, Small Woodland Orchid, Snowy Orchid, Bog Torch, Frog Spear, White Frog Arrow, White Rein Orchid, Fringe-tree, White Fringetree, Old Man's Beard, Grancy graybeard, Yellow Corydalis, Yellow Harlequin, Yellow Fumewort, Pale Gentian, Striped Gentian, Sampsons Snakeroot, American Germander, Wood Sage, Canada Germander, Ground Ivy, Gill-over-the-ground, Haymaids, Creeping Charlie, Camphorweed, Camphor Weed, False Goldenaster, Tall Goldenrod, Late Goldenrod, Canada Goldenrod, Common Grass Pink, Bearded Pink, Swamp Pink, Tuberous Grass Pink, Meadow Gift, Groundnut, Potato Bean, Indian Potato, Virginia Potato, Wild Bean, Wild Sweet Potato, Rattlesnake Weed, Rattlesnake Hawkweed, Veiny Hawkweed, Goat's Rue, Virginia Tephrosia, Catgut, Hoary-pea, Rabbit-pea, Wild Comfrey, Wild Hound's-tongue, Blue Houndstongue, Scarlet Indian Paintbrush, Scarlet Paintbrush, Painted Cup, Prairie Fire, Dwarf Violet Iris, Vernal Iris, Spring Iris, Upland Dwarf Iris, Blackberry Lily, Leopard Flower, Leopard Lily, Yellow Flag Iris, Paleyellow Iris, Yellow Iris, Water Flag. It can cause pulmonary emphysema in cattle feeding exclusively on the plant. It is also described by Theophrastus. Wildscreen's Arkive project was launched in 2003 and grew to become the world's biggest encyclopaedia of life on Earth. Named after the Quercus (oak) tree in which it was first discovered, quercetin is a type of flavonoid prevalent throughout the plant kingdom. [12], Lactuca serriola can be eaten as a salad, although it has something of a bitter taste. Lactuca serriola, also called prickly lettuce, milk thistle (not to be confused with Silybum marianum, also called milk thistle), compass plant, and scarole, is an annual or biennial plant in the dandelion tribe within the daisy family.It has a slightly fetid odor and is commonly considered a weed of orchards, roadsides and field crops. [23], Testing for the presence of new resistance factors is conducted by screening samples of L. serriola with various isolates of B. Greenbook works with pesticide, herbicide and fungicide manufacturers to convert product labels into actionable data. [15], Its presence in some ancient deposits has been linked more to its soporific properties which might suggest ritual use. Although the standard definition of lactucarium requires its production from Lactuca virosa, it was recognized that smaller quantities of lactucarium could be produced in a similar way from Lactuca sativa and Lactuca canadensis var. [23][26] There is especially high diversity within the Mediterranean area and Southwest Asia, but L. serriola has established populations on all continents and has the most widespread distribution compared to other Lactuca species. [3] It is the closest wild relative of cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). It is used as a medicinal herb when dried after contact with air. Compositae. [14] While unsubstantial, its roots have been used as a coffee substitute. Itâs a leafy and tall plant, with small yellow buds, and could be grown right out your door. Lactuca canadensis* (Native) Family: Asteraceae - Aster family: Lettuce: Woodland Lettuce, Florida Blue Lettuce, False Lettuce Lactuca floridana (Native) Family: Asteraceae - Aster family: Lettuce: Prickly Lettuce, China Lettuce Lactuca serriola* (Introduced) Family: Asteraceae - Aster family Fine spines are present along the veins and leaf edges. The leaves get progressively smaller as they reach its top. They are oblong or lanceolate, often pinnately lobed and (especially for the lower leaves), waxy grey green. The flower heads are 1â1.5 cm (1⁄2â1⁄2 in) wide,[10] pale yellow, often tinged purple, with 12â20 ray flowers but no disc flowers. The file may contain a single sequence or a list of sequences. Young leaves can be eaten raw or cooked. Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip, Jack in the Pulpit, Prester John, Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Preacher John, Southern Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Five-leaved Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Jimsonweed, Jamestown Weed, Mad Apple, Moon Flower, Stinkwort, Thorn Apple, Devil's Trumpet, Sacred Datura, Sacred Thorn-apple, Indian Apple, Angel Trumpet, Hollow Joe Pye Weed, Trumpetweed, Tubular Thoroughwort, Hollow-stemmed Joe-pye-weed, Bachelor's Button, Bluebottle, Cornflower, Garden Cornflower, Ladies' Tresses, Northern Slender Lady's Tresses, Southern Slender Ladies' Tresses, Carolina Larkspur, Blue Larkspur, Glade Larkspur, Prairie Larkspur, Pine Woods Larkspur, Hairy Leafcup, Bear's Foot, Yellow Leafcup, Uvedalia, Sweet Autumn Clematis, Sweet Autumn Virginsbower, Leatherleaf Clematis, Yam-leaved Clematis, Virgin's Bower, Devil's Darning Needles, Old Man's Beard, Woodland Lettuce, Florida Blue Lettuce, False Lettuce, Turk's Cap Lily, Turban Lily, Lily Royal, Swamp Lily, American Tiger Lily, Obedient Plant, False Dragonhead, Obedience, American Lotus, Water Lotus, Water Chinquapin, Yellow Lotus, False Solomon's Seal, Feathery False Lily of the Valley, Solomon's Plume, Maryland Meadow Beauty, Pale Meadow Beauty, Smooth Meadow Parsnip, Woodland Meadow Parsnip, Yellow Meadow Parsnip, Purple Meadow Parsnip, Skunk Meadow Rue, Waxyleaf Meadowrue, Purple Meadow-rue, Creeping Cucumber, Guadeloupe Cucumber, Squirting Cucumber, Largeflower Mexican Clover, Largeflower Pusley, Florida Snow, Butterfly Milkweed, Butterfly Weed, Pleurisy Root, Orange Milkweed, White Milkweed, Redring Milkweed, Variegated Milkweed, Antelope-Horn Milkweed, Green Antelopehorn, Spider Milkweed, Green Milkweed, Swamp Milkweed, Western Swamp Milkweed, Pink Milkweed, Eastern Swamp Milkweed, Drumheads, Crossleaf Milkwort, Candy Root, Orange Milkwort, Red-hot-poker, Candy Weed, Yellow Milkwort, Sensitive Briar, Littleleaf Sensitive-briar, Blue Mistflower, Wild Ageratum, Mistflower, Rose Vervain, Rose Mock Vervain, Rose Verbena, Sweet William, Clump Verbena, Sharpwing Monkey Flower, Winged Monkeyflower, Wild Potato Vine, Man of the Earth, Wild Sweet Potato, Bigroot Morning Glory, Small Red Morning Glory, Redstar, Starflower, Scarlet Morningglory, Small White Morning Glory, Whitestar, Pitted Morningglory, Ivyleaf Morning Glory, Entireleaf Morningglory, Small Morning Glory, Moonflower, Tropical White Morning Glory, Moon Vine, Evening Glory, Chandelier Plant, Common Mother of Millions, Mother of Thousands, Christmas bells, Tingo Tango, Common Mullein, Great Mullein, Cowboy Toilet Paper, Flannel-plant, Carolina Horse Nettle, Bull Nettle, Devil's Tomato, Climbing Nightshade, Bittersweet Nightshade, Woody Nightshade, European Bittersweet, Fellenwort, Blue Nightshade, Three Bird Orchid, Threebirds, Nodding Pogonia, Nodding Ettercap, Sensitive Partridge Pea, Wild Sensitive Plant, Sensitive Pea, Partridgeberry, Partridge Berry, Sqaw Vine, Eyeberry, Pencil Flower, Endbeak Pencilflower, Sidebeak Pencilflower, Beefsteak Plant, Beefsteak Mint, Perilla Mint, Small Periwinkle, Common Periwinkle, Dwarf Periwinkle, Lesser Periwinkle, Creeping Myrtle, Wild Blue Phlox, Woodland Phlox, Sweet William, Louisiana Phlox, Carolina Phlox, Summer Phlox, Thickleaf Phlox, Giant Phlox, Pickerelweed, Lanceleaf Pickerelweed, Heartleaf Pickerelweed, Pickerel Rush, Indian Pink, Woodland Pinkroot, Worm grass, Spotted Wintergreen, Pipsissewa, Striped Wintergreen, Striped Prince's Pine, Striped Prince's Plume, Dragon's Tongue, Narrowleaf Plantain, English Plantain, Buckhorn, Lanceleaf Plantain, Ribwort, Buckhorn, Ribgrass, Virginia Plantain, Dwarf Plantain, Southern Plantain, Hoary Plantain, Paleseed Indianwheat, Rose Pogonia, Snakemouth Orchid, Rose Crested Orchid, Beard Flower, Sweet Crest Orchid, American Pokeweed, Pokeberry, Inkberry, Poke Sallet, Pinnate Prairie Coneflower, Yellow Coneflower, Grayhead Coneflower, Mexican Hat, Long-Headed Coneflower, Red Coneflower, Upright Prairie Coneflower, Thimbleflower, Eastern Prickly Pear, Low Prickly Pear Cactus, Devil's Tongue, Indian Fig, Common Eastern Prickly Pear, Seedbox, Smooth Seedbox, Bushy Seedbox, Rattle-box, Square-pod Water-primrose, Wingleaf Primrose-willow, Wingstem Water Primrose, Willow Primrose, Upright Primrose-willow, Creeping Water Primrose, Floating Primrose-Willow, Water-primrose, Eastern Purple Coneflower, Purple Coneflower, Sweet Pinesap, Pygmy Pipes, Carolina beechdrops, Appalachian Pygmy Pipes, Great Ragweed, Buffalo Weed, Horseweed, Giant Ragweed, Tall Ambrosia, Common Ragweed, Annual Ragweed, Small Ragweed, Roman Wormwood, Butterweed, Yellowtop, Cressleaf Groundsel, Floodplain Ragwort, Small's Ragwort, Appalachian Ragwort, Southern Ragwort, Plain Ragwort, Atamasco Lily, Rain Lily, Easter-lily, Naked Lady, Downy Rattlesnake Plantain, Downy Rattlesnake Orchid, Adder's Violet, Net-leaf Plantain, Cankerweed, Lion's Foot, Snakeweed, Earthgall, Butterweed, Catawba Rhododendron, Mountain Rosebay,Purple Rhododendron, Florida Pinxter, Mountain Azalea, Pink Azalea, Hoary Azalea, Smooth Rockcress, Common Smooth Rock Cress, Prairie Rose, Climbing Rose, Climbing Prairie Rose, Climbing Wild Rose, Illinois Rose, Michigan Rose, Rose Pink, Bitterbloom, Square-stemmed Sabbatia, Rose Gentian, Swamp Rose Mallow, Crimsoneyed Rosemallow, Marshmallow, Woolly Rose Mallow, Hairy-fruited Hibiscus, Sea Purslane, Sea Pickle, Shoreline Seapurslane, Sicklepod, Sicklepod Senna, Java Bean, Blunt-leaf Senna, Chinese Senna, Arsenic Weed, Shadow Witch Orchid, Hairy Shadow Witch, Racemose Ponthieva, Shooting Star, Prairie Pointers, Eastern Shooting Star, Pride of Ohio, Roosterheads, Helmet Flower, Hissopleaf Skullcap, Helmet Skullcap, Hyssop Skullcap, Small Skullcap, Dwarf Skullcap, Little Skullcap, Dotted Smartweed, Dotted Knotweed, Water Smartweed, Bitterweed, Bitter Sneezeweed, Yellowdicks, Purple-headed Sneezeweed, Purplehead Sneezeweed, Autumn Sneezeweed, Common Sneezeweed, False Sunflower, Staggerwort, Yellow Star, Bouncing Bet, Common Soapwort, Crow Soap, Wild Sweet William, Soapweed, Bird's Eye Speedwell, Persian Speedwell, Birdeye Speedwell, Winter Speedwell, Water Speedwell, Sessile Water-speedwell, Brook-pimpernell, Blue Water Speedwell, Northern Spicebush, Wild Allspice, Common Spicebush. 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